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Fund Economics Calculator

Understand how VC fund economics work. Model management fees, carried interest, and LP returns to see the math behind every investment decision.

Fund Parameters

0.5%3%
5 yrs15 yrs
10%30%
5100

Total Mgmt Fees

$20.0M

Over 10 years

Deployable Capital

$80.0M

80% of fund

Break-Even Multiple

1.25x

Minimum to return LP capital

Per Investment

$3.2M

Avg. deployable per deal

Annual Mgmt Fee Revenue

$2.0M

GP annual operating budget from this fund

Return Scenarios

MultipleGross ReturnLP GetsGP CarryLP Net Multiple
1x$80.0M$80.0M$00.80x
2x$160.0M$148.0M$12.0M1.48x
3x$240.0M$212.0M$28.0M2.12x
5x$400.0M$340.0M$60.0M3.40x
10x$800.0M$660.0M$140.0M6.60x

The Math Behind VC Pressure

A $100.0M fund needs $240.0M in exits to return 3x to LPs. With 25 investments, that means the fund needs an average exit of $9.6M per company. In practice, 1-2 breakout winners drive the majority of returns (power law), meaning most investments can fail and the fund still succeeds -- if the winners win big enough.

Capital Waterfall (3x Scenario)

$100.0MFundSize$20.0MMgmtFees$80.0MDeployed$240.0M3xGrossReturn$212.0MLPReturn(3x)$28.0MGPCarry(3x)

Why VCs Need Outlier Returns

In a typical fund with 25 investments, the math works roughly like this:

~10

Fail (0x)

~8

Return capital (1x)

~5

Modest return (2-5x)

~3

Home run (10x+)

This is why VCs swing for the fences. If a VC does not believe your company can return the entire fund, they will likely pass -- even if the company is solid. A $100.0M fund needs at least one investment to return $300.0M for a 3x fund outcome to make economic sense. This is the power law at work.